RESQL: A Digital Solution for Addressing Bullying and Cyberbullying in Schools 

Bullying and cyberbullying, typically defined as a social process wherein individuals in less powerful positions are intentionally and repeatedly harassed or excluded by their peers (Salmivalli, 2014), manifest in various forms. Among these, relational bullying poses the most severe consequences, involving harm inflicted on the victim through third parties, such as their social network, friendships, and peer acceptance. This form of bullying, often performed online through gossiping, exclusion, and other covert acts, can lead to detrimental outcomes including depression, anxiety, social withdrawal, and academic decline (DeLara, 2016).

Despite the potentially disastrous effects of long-term bullying, victims are not always identified by school staff, and reporting remains infrequent, with only a small percentage of victims confiding in teachers (Smith & Shu, 2000). This reluctance stems from the ambiguity of reporting procedures and fear of social repercussions. Hence, it is crucial to ensure that the reporting process is seamless, secure, and safeguarded by strict anonymity and confidentiality. To address these challenges, we have collaboratively designed and implemented the RESQL digital system, aimed at facilitating communication, help-seeking, and effective intervention in bullying incidents. The RESQL system comprises a smartphone application for students and an online panel for intervening teachers. The app functions as an anonymous instant messaging platform, enabling students to report bullying incidents or other concerns directly to teachers. Each school receives a unique code for student authorization, ensuring that only students from the same institution can access the system. By providing a safe space for anonymous reporting, RESQL empowers students to disclose worrying behaviors while protecting their identity.After two years of implementation, there is strong indication that the RESQL system is delivering positive results in addressing bullying and fostering a safer school environment.